Ἀποκάλυψις Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ἣν ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ ὁ θεὸς δεῖξαι τοῖς δούλοις αὐτοῦ, ἃ δεῖ γενέσθαι ἐν τάχει, καὶ ἐσήμανεν ἀποστείλας διὰ τοῦ ἀγγέλου αὐτοῦ τῷ δούλῳ αὐτοῦ Ἰωάννῃ, 2 ὃς ἐμαρτύρησεν τὸν λόγον τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ τὴν μαρτυρίαν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ὅσα εἶδεν.
The revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave to him to show to his servants, what is necessary to take place soon, and he signified (this revelation) by sending (it) through his angel to his servant John, who testified the word of God and the testimony of Jesus Christ, as much as he saw.
Parsing
| Term | Tense | Voice | Mood | Person/ Case | Gender/ Number | Lexical Form |
| ἔδωκεν | Aor. | Act. | Ind | 3rd | Sing | δίδωμι |
| δεῖξαι | Aor. | Act. | Inf. | – | – | δείκνυμι |
| δεῖ | Pres | Act. | Ind | 3rd | Sing | δεῖ |
| γενέσθαι | Aor | M/P | Inf | – | – | γινομαι |
| ἐσήμανεν | Aor. | Act. | Ind. | 3rd | Sing. | σημαίνω |
| ἀποστείλας | Aor. | Act. | Part. | Nom | Mas/Sing | ἀποστελλω |
| ἐμαρτύρησεν | Aor. | Act. | Ind. | 3rd | Sing. | μαρτυρεω |
| εἶδεν | Aor. | Act. | Ind. | 3rd | Sing. | ὁραω |
Lexical and Syntactic Notes:
- Ἀποκάλυψις is anarthrous as is common in titles of books (Plummer, vid 1)
- Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ debate on whether this is subjective or objective; Plummer and Matthewson take subjective only; Beale and Schriener take both
- ἣν relative pronoun referring back to Ἀποκάλυψις (Plummer, vid 1)
- “ἃ” is the accusative subject of infinitive “γενέσθαι” (Mathewson, 2)
- Ἰωάννῃ is in the dative because it appositionally restates δούλῳ (Plummer, vid 1)
- ἐμαρτύρησεν – epistolary aorist, referring to how John wrote the entire book (Matthewson, 3)
Christian Perspectives 